As soon as Sita was left
alone Ravana came to the ashram disguised as a Brahmin hermit. Ravana looked at
Sita who was alone without Rama and Valmiki compares it to the sighting of bad
planets of the star Rohini who is away from the Moon.
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The above comparison arises out of Valmiki’s knowledge of Astrology. I understand that in Astrology it is considered as a very bad thing for the king or the kingdom if planets such as Saturn or Mars would aspect the star Rohini. In the mythology Rohini is the wife of Moon. This sure is beyond a layman’s comprehension. It is amazing that such beliefs are as old as Ramayana.
Valmiki says that looking at
this wicked Rakshasa even the trees in the forest stood still and even the
river Godavari flowed slowly. He came to the entrance and stood hesitatingly.
Sita was alone like the star Chitra with thirteen stars before and thirteen
others behind.
Valmiki draws again a lovely
comparison from Astrology. We have in all 27 stars starting with Aswini and
ending with Revati. The Moon is supposed to spend one night with each star and
thus we have 27 days in a lunar month. The star Chitra being the 14th in the
series is in the middle of the series.
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Ravana saw Sita and was
stunned by her beauty and who was accustomed to chant Vedas, alas was under the
spell of ‘Kama’ or lust and addressed Sita. He said “Who are you? Are you
Indra’s wife Indrani or an apsaras woman or Manmatha’s wife Rati Devi? You
should be living in a palace and not in a forest. This is a dangerous place
with rakshasas. So you go back to your palace”. He went on praising her and
pretended that he was a hermit. Sita was completely duped who took him to be
someone doing penance and she welcomed him as a guest and offered him respects
and hospitality. Sita by way of introduction briefly told him her story.
We get some interesting and
important details from this. Sita after marrying Rama lived happily for 12
years in Ayodhya palace. On the 13th year Dasharatha planned Rama’s coronation
but finally had to order him to go to the forest for14 years. According to Sita
at that time Rama was 25 and she was 18. (This agrees with what Kausalya too
said in the eve of Rama’s departure to the forest. She said that she had seen
nothing but happiness since 24 years that is ever since Rama was born). So when
Rama wedded Sita, he should have been 12 and Sita 6 years old.
Sita described to Ravana in
detail what all had happened in their life until then. This is a bit surprising
to say the least that a princess confided to a stranger, even though he looked
like a hermit, such personal details. But alas it was destined to be so.
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When Sita asked him who he
was he said with great pride that he was the great Ravana king of Lanka who was
a terror to the three worlds. He said that he was going to take her to his
palace and wanted to make her his wife. He described the great beauty of his
city which was in the middle of the sea and situated on the top of a hill. Sita
was so terrified and angrily told him that he who was a fox wanted to approach
a lioness. She told him that he should abandon such ideas because it was like
carrying fire in a cotton cloth She said that Ravana was like a mere gutter
whereas Rama was an ocean. She gave several comparisons to show the inferiority
of Ravana. Sita trembled out of fear and looked again and again at the door way
if Rama was coming. Alas there was no sign of any one in that dense forest.
Ravana was enraged at her words. He started telling her about all the victories
he had over the Devas and Kubera and so on. He said even the sun and the moon
would obey him and dared not displease him. He then described the beauty of
Lanka and said that she would love to live there. Sita said that she would
never look at anyone other than her dear husband Rama. Ravana asked her how she
could ever love a person as Rama who was a coward and readily abandoned the
kingdom just because a lady asked him to.
Ravana left his sanyasi form
and grew into a big form wearing shining gold ornaments and with his eyes red
in anger caught hold of Sita and drew her. He held her hair with his left hand
and lifted her by her thighs with his right hand. His chariot came there and
Ravana kept Sita in the chariot. Sita cried aloud ‘Rama, Rama’ and the chariot
rose to the sky and flew. Sita cursed him for his unrighteous (Adharma) act of
stealing someone’s wife and warned him of sure death that awaited him in the
hands of her husband.
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Sita lamented and wept over
her miserable condition of having no one to help her. Valmiki’s description of
this is very moving. Sita looked at the Karnika flowered trees (Sarakonnai in
Tamil) and requested them to inform Rama of what was happening to her. She also
requested the flora and fauna of that place to inform Rama of her plight.
While Ravana travelled
through the sky the old eagle Jatayu which was sitting on a tree saw him
carrying away Sita. Sita said to Jatayu that she was being taken by force by
Ravana. Since Ravana was a very powerful rakshasa Sita said that he should not
fight with him but she requested Jatayu to inform Rama of what had happened.
Jatayu appealed to Ravana to let Sita go as she was the wife of great Rama. He
said it was not befitting of Ravana to steal Sita. He said that he was very old
but he nevertheless would not let him do that. But Ravana got angry and
attacked Jatayu. A very fierce battle took place and Ravana showered on the
bird hundreds of arrows. Jatayu faced the arrows bravely and succeeded in
breaking Ravana’s chariot and killing the charioteer. Ravana got down on the
ground and gave a fierce fight. Valmiki very beautifully describes the scene
and says that there were so many arrows in the sky that the eagle appeared to
be in a cage. The old bird at last fell down very much wounded. Sita hugged him
and wept for his plight. But Ravana dragged Sita away.
Valmiki’s description of this sad scene is very vivid. He says “the nature was mourning. The birds screeched and the trees stood still. The whole place was engulfed in darkness, the wind did not blow, and the Sun had lost its glow. Lord Brahma told himself that Ravana’s end was nearing and Rama would accomplish his mission on the earth”.
Sita cried out to Rama and
Lakshmana for help. She asked the trees to tell Rama what had happened. Some of
her jewels fell down. Sita described to Ravana how fearful the Hell was and
told him that it was awaiting him. Sita described some trees in the Hell; those
with knife edged leaves and others with flowers of precious stones but with
sharp thorns. There was also river called Vaitarani which was very difficult to
cross. Sita told Ravana that all those sufferings were waiting Ravana for his
wicked act.
On the way Sita noticed five
monkeys on the top of a hill watching Sita being carried away by Ravana.
(Vanaras are not exactly monkeys but a kind of people highly cultured and well
versed in Shastras and so on. I would use the word Vanaras and not translate
it.) She then took some of her jewels and tore a piece of her silk garment and
tied them and threw them away thinking that they might see that and inform Rama
about Sita being carried away by Ravana. Ravana was busy and did not notice
this.
Ravana reached his city of
Lanka, situated in an island and on the top of a hill.
It appears that there are
some vestiges of Ravana’s palaces still visible in Lanka. These are at about
100 km or so from the west coast of Lanka. Since recently Sri Lankan government
has been vigorously developing tourism connected with Ramayana. It is believed
that the place where Sita entered the fire to prove her chastity to the world
is in a village called Divrumpola near Nuwara Iliya, about three hours drive
from Kandy town. There is actually a Buddhist Monastery there now. The area is
in the midst of lush green forests and scenic tea gardens.
So Rama and the Vanara army
after crossing the sea travelled this distance before reaching Ravana’s city.
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