In the previous chapter, we saw Events in Ayodhya. , Now we'll see Dasharatha’s life parts.
Dasharatha almost fell at the feet of Kausalya and pleaded with her not to hurt him who was already profoundly wounded. Kausalya said that she understood that he was bound by a promise and hence acted like that. At that time Dasharatha revealed to Kausalya what was troubling him in his mind. He related to her an old incident that happened in his life when he was a youth for which he was paying then. Dasharatha told the following to Kausalya.
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Dasharatha was a great archer and he had the gift of
aiming at an object from the sound it emitted even though it was invisible to
him. This is indeed a very interesting detail that there was science at that
time that could enable such things. Once in the rainy season Dasaratha started
on his chariot and approached the banks of the river Sarayu. It was in the
evening and he expected some animal to come and drink water that he could
hunt. While he was waiting, he heard a sound that resembled an elephant drinking
water which in reality was the sound from a pot being filled with water.
Dasharatha took aim and sent a powerful arrow in the direction from which the
sound came. Then he heard a human voice crying and falling into the water. He
rushed there and saw to his consternation a young boy of a Rishi. The boy
explained that he came to fetch water for his aged parents who were also blind.
He said that he did not mind dying but was worried about his parents. So, he
requested Dasharatha to carry him to the Ashram and give the pot of water to
his parents because they were waiting for that. Dasharatha hurried to pull out
the arrow but the young hermit died. Totally confused and in great sorrow
Dasharatha rushed to the ashram and saw the old couple. Dasharatha explained
what had happened and how sorry he was for the unfortunate accident. The old
couple was broken-hearted and asked the king to take them to the river to see
their dead son. They wept bitterly at the loss of their son who was their sole
help. The boy ascended to the heavens thanks to his good deeds. The old couple
cursed Dasharatha that he too would experience such a grief arising from
separation from his dear son and that would be the cause of his death too.
Dasharatha told Kausalya that the time had come for him to pay for his sin and
the curse was coming true at last.
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Valmiki’s description of Dasratha’s great sorrow and how he was sinking is very moving. Dasaratha wept bitterly at the same time expressing his sorrow. He told Kausalya that he was losing slowly all his senses and he could hardly see her anymore and requested to come near him and pat him. He said “What I did to him (Rama) was not just but what has been ordained to me know I do deserve it well. No one with some good sense would banish his son even if he was of bad conduct. Oh, Kausalya I am unable to see you. The separation from Rama is drinking my life as the hot sun would a little pool of water. My greatest sorrow is that I am unable to see my dear son before dying. Those who would be there to welcome Rama after fourteen years are indeed fortunate and they are not humans but Devas. Those fortunate people would see Rama back in Ayodhya like one sees Venus in its place”.
(Valmiki very often makes comparisons with celestial
objects. In the present case, he says Marga gatam Shukram which is translated as
Venus which has attained its place. I feel the translation is not adequate to
tell us what Valmiki meant by this. Could this be that in Hindu Astrology there
are places attributed to each planet and that Venus was in its assigned place?
It is hard to say)”. Dasharatha cried “Oh Rama, Oh Kausalya, Oh Sumitra, Oh
Kaikeyi who is my enemy and who destroyed my family, I am dying. Thus,
lamenting and surrounded by Kausalya and Sumitra Dasharatha’s life parted just
after midnight.
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The next day morning totally ignorant of what had happened
the usual waking-up ceremony of the king started. Well-dressed Sutas, famous
Magadas, and those who could sing well the praises of the king all came and sang
in front of the king’s bedroom. The palace was filled with their music and also the music played on the Veena. There were women and interestingly also eunuchs.
The eunuchs seem to have existed from time immemorial and the society respected
them too. Some brought golden pots filled with perfumed water for the king to
bathe. While all of them waited for the sunrise the wives of Dasratha who were
sleeping in the nearby quarters also came and entered the king’s bedroom to wake up
the king. When they approached, they also saw Kausalya and Sumitra lying
beside them. They had been so exhausted that they too were deep in sleep. But
looking at the strange way Dasratha appeared his wives started fearing the
worse and trembled. Then they all cried loudly which woke up Kausalya and
Sumitra. They both looked at Dasharatha and cried “Oh my husband” and swooned
on the floor. The wailing of these ladies filled the palace.
Kausalya saw Dasharatha as fire that had been put out and
like the sun without its light. She held the head of Dashratha and in great
grief addressed some harsh words at Kaikeyi. She accused her of being
responsible for the death of Dasharatha and also the end of the Raghus. She
said that Kaikeyi drove Rama and Sita to the forest and thus brought grief to
Janaka too who might not live after hearing the news. She said, she too would
enter the burning pyre with her husband. Other ladies took Kausalya away to
console her.
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The ministers did not want to proceed with the funeral of
the king because it was the duty and the right of the son to perform the last
rites of his father. They consulted each other and submerged the body of the
king in a tub of oil (tailadroni) in order to preserve it.
It is noteworthy that the preservation of a dead body was
known in India in those ancient times. It is well known that the Egyptians
preserved the body of their kings by mummifying which was an elaborate process.
These mummies being well hidden under a mountain or pyramids remained intact
and have enabled us to learn about their civilization. Of course, in the Hindu
system, the dead body is disposed of because no value is attached to the body and
only the soul is recognized. However, in India too they seemed to know the
technique of preserving the body by using some special oils. Let us recall that
Ramayana is at least 7000 years old and the Egyptian Pharaohs too lived around
that time. Today we know that cooling a body to low temperatures could also
preserve it.
The whole Ayodhya was mourning and there were wailing sounds
everywhere. People gathered and discussed the death of Dasharatha and blamed
Kaikeyi for everything that was happening. All the learned men and great rishis
assembled and discussed with the Guru Vashishtha. They said “without a king, the
kingdom was doomed to destruction. People would go astray and the regular
worship would stop. The Brahmins would not be able to chant the Vedas. There
would be no safety for the people”. They all decided that they should crown a
son of the Ikshvaku dynasty as early as possible.
In the next chapter, we'll see Bharata returns to Ayodhya.
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